Glaze breaker



April 17, 1951 J. R. ARTHUR 2,549,043

GLAZE BREAKER Filed May 18, 1948 2 SheetsSheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

Patented Apr. 17, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GLAZE BREAKER John R. Arthur, Clarinda, Iowa, assignor to Lisle Corporation, Clarinda, Iowa, a corporation of Iowa Application May 18, 1948, Serial No. 27,634

1 Claim.

This invention relates to glaze breakers.

A glaze breaker is used for removing the glazed surface from cylinder walls caused by the continued rubbing of piston rings thereover. When old rings are removed and new ones installed, the

then the new rings form a seal with the roughened surface.

Such a device is also used for smoothing out, to a degree, surfaces of cylinder walls after they are rebored, the reboring operation leaving surfaces too rough for proper seating by piston rings.

- An object of the present invention is the provision of a glaze breaker which is simple in construction and operation.

Another object is the provision of a glaze breaker effective for operation in cylinders of a 2 substantial range of sizes with substantially equal pressure being exerted on the walls thereof. regardless of the size of the cylinder within said range.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a glaze breaker having flexible abrasive arms or members adapted to be effective on cylinder walls having slight irregularities.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a glaze breaker having flexible abrasive members, and means in the form of tension plates for biasing the abrasive members in directions toward the wall of the cylinder in which the device operates.

A still further object is the provision of a glaze breaker as just previously referred to in which the tension plates are adjustable outwardly toward and inwardly from the cylinder wall to accommodate different sizes of cylinder walls.

Another object is the provision of a glazefi breaker of the type just previously referred to in which the tension plates are provided with indicia means and so constructed and arranged that all are readily adapted to be similarly adjusted with respect to each other for applying equal biasing pressure on all of the abrasive members.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a glaze breaker having flexible abrasive members which can be easily flexed and collapsed by one hand by the user for insertion into the can be quickly and easily placed thereon and rcmoved therefrom.

Another object is the provision of a glaze breaker having abrasive members each made up of a flexible abrasive element and a flexible body element formed of oil absorbent material.

A further object is the provision of a lightweight and sturdy glaze breaker which can be operated by a low power driving tool.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of my device whereby the objects contemplated are attained as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claim and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view breaker of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of the device positioned in a cylinder of an engine and in operating position;

Figure 3 is an enlarged side view of the device, portions'thereof being broken away, taken on line 33 of Figure 4;

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line44 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a sectional View similar to Figure 4, showing a modified form;

Figure 6 is a sectional view similar to Figure 4, showing a second modification;

Figure '7 is a sectional view similar to Figure 4 showing an additional modification; I

Figure 8 is a top view on a reduced scale of a modified form of device; and

Figure 9 is a view taken on line 9-9 of Figure 8.

Referring in detail to the drawings and rarticularly to Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, the glaze breaker includes a central, elongated body member I 2 which in the present instance is hexagonal in cross section. The hexagonal configuration is merely one example, and other shapes may be employed as well, as long as it is provided with a plurality of fiat faces, such as are indicated at I4. Secured to and extending from one end of the central body member 12, coaxially thereof, is a rod 16 by which the device is connected to a driving tool for rotation of the device about the axis of the rod l6 and also about the longitudinal axis of the body member l2.

A plurality of leaf-like arms or wings [8 are secured one each to certain of the fiat faces ll of the body member [2. The wings I8 may also be referred to as abrasive members. Each abrasive member I8 includes a central flexible ele-. ment 20 which in the preferred form of the device is formed of laminated rubber and fabric.

of the glaze .length of the bodymember l2.

'proache's the respective side of the elementi-t;

Other materials of a resilient nature may be employed. Layers of rubber are indicated at 22 which are disposed on the outside of a central layer of fabric 24, the three layers being bonded together to form a unitary leaf or wing. The 5 generally tangentially to the central axis of the 5 tool. This flexing condition is most readily ob- 7 served in Figures 1 and 2, Figure 2 showing the outer ends 28 in contact with the Wall .of an engine cylinder 30. Although the wings or abrasive members I8 are actually slightly tangential to the axis of the tool, they are in effect also radial, and may be referred to as such.

The inner end 26 of each element 20 is provided with a clip or retaining plate 32 on each 0f the flat sides of the element 28. noted that eachelement 2.5] has a length, longitu dinally of the device substantially equal to the 7 Each clip or retaining plate 32 may be of uniform width throughout its length, or it may, as herein illuss0 .trated, be provided with longitudinally spaced ears 34 interconnected .bya member 35, each of the ears being provided with a hole for the reception of a screw 36. The screws 38 are insorted through the holes in the ears 34 and through holes formed in the inner ends of the elements 20 and finally into threaded holes in the body member [2. A tension plate 31 to be referred to later in detail is also secured in connection with each element 20 by means of the 40 screws .36.

The screws '36 are spaced longitudinally along the body member 12 and retain the element 2.0 and clips 32 rigidly in solid position on the respective fiat face I4 of the'body member-l2. i

Each clip or retaining plate 32 is provided with an inturned hook 38 extendin substantially the full length of the clip. The terminal edge or free edge of the hook 36 extends toward. and ap- An abrasive element All is folded over the free a or flexing edge 28 of each element 2.0. Thisabrasive element .40 is preferably fabr-icor other thin and strong flexible material having abrasive material covering its outer surface. elements 4.0, of course, extend longitudinally the. len h o t element 2.

The free edges of each abrasive element are provided with a detent member .42 comprising .a

The inner 10vv It Will be 25 4 that the detent members 42 can slidein the hooks 38.

An adjustable tension plate 31 is associated with each of the arms or abrasive members I8. The plate 31 is substantially the same length longitudinally as the arm [8, and as here illustrated is slightly longer.

Each tension plate 3'! is disposed between the surface of the element 20 and the respective flat face M of the body member, and also between the element 20 and the inner clip 32. Each plate 31 has an edge 48 which may be termed the outer edge, and an inner edge 59. The dimension of the plate between the edges 48 and 56, or the dimension transverse to the length of the plate, is reater than the corresponding dimension of the respective fiat face M of the body member l2. Each .tension plate 31 is provided with a pair of slots 52 opening out of the inner edge 50 and extending ubstantially perpendicular theretotoward the .outer edge 48. Each slot 52 is provided with a. plurality of smaller notches 54 formed along one side edge .of the. slot. The slots 52 are arranged and spaced longitudinally for the reception of the securing screws 36. The element 29, .the clips 32, .and the plate 31 are thereby all secured together in a rigid assembly to the respective flat face M by means of the screws 3.6. The slots 52 are of a width slightly greater than the diameter of the screws 36 so that the plate 3! has limited longitudinal movement and so that. the screws 35 can be fitted in the smaller notches 54.. Each .plate 31 can be adjusted in directions between the edges 14.8 and 513. by reason. of the feature that the :SlOts 52 can slide over thescrews .35.

Indicia notches 53 are formed On each endv of 7 each of the tension plates 31, in line with respective notches 5.4 in the slots 52. .Cooperating indicia notches 5.5v are. formed in each end of the body member .l2-. By means of the notches .53 and 5.5, the user can determine when all of the tension plates 31 are adjusted similarly.

. Figure .5 is similar to the embodiment of Fig- 5 ures. 1 to 4, except that the elements 20 of the arms or abrasive. members 18 are of solid rubber, or other resilient material, instead of having a central-layer of fabric as in the previous embodiment.

50 Figure 6 illustrates an embodiment difiering from. Figures 1 to 4, in that each abrasive element Ml is provided with only .one clip 32 and one cooperating detent member 42. The opposite side of the abrasive element 40 terminates The abrasive as m ta a m he trailing .Side of the element 2t. and doesnot reach down to be secured by a. .clip on the inner surface of the Wing. The trailingside of the element. 2.0 will be referred to later.

bead 43 extending longitudinally along t 00 Figure 7 illustrates a .device differing from, the

spective edge of the abrasive element and crimped thereon. The detent members .42 are preferably of metal. Each head 63 is provided with an out- .turned extremity or hook member 44 adapted to he engaged by the hook members 38 on the clips 332. The terminal edges of the hooks 38 approach sufiiciently closeto the sides of the centralelement 20 so that the detent members, and

-thereby the free edges of the abrasive elements are retained by the hooks .38 against movement outwardly from the central elements 20. However, the abrasive elements to can be removed from the central elements 20in directions on t d a ly of the device by r a on of the fact embodiment of Figures 1 to .4, in that each .element 2!] of the abrasive members I8 is made up of a central spring steel leaf 58 on which is bonded resilient material 60, one layer on-either 5 side of the. spring steel leaf. The layers. 60 may In the form of device illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, a single, continuous flexible abrasive element B4 surrounds all of the flexible elements 20. A bar or rod 65 is disposed between each two adjacent elements 20, on the outer side of the abrasive element 64 and extends axially of the device. A tension spring 68 is connected to each end of each bar 66, the springs 68 being connected to lugs or hook means on the body member l2-.

The circumferential extent of the abrasive element 64 is such that regardless of the flexed positions of the elements 20, the springs 68 draw inwardly on the abrasive element and retain it substantially taut on the elements 20, and in engagement with the outer ends thereof.

Use and operation The normal condition of the arms or abrasive members I8, when the device is not in use, is as shown in Figure 1 wherein they are flexed or curved slightly. This curvature is in the same direction as that illustrated in Figure 2, although to a lesser degree. In using the device, the operator collapses the arms I8 by manually flexing them and increasing the normal curvature, and inserting the device into the cylinder 30 of an engine as illustrated in Figure 2. After releasing the arms I8, they tend to straighten out and the outer ends 28 of the arms l8, with the abrasive element 40 thereover, engage the wall of the cylinder 30. As noted above, the arms l8 may be referred to as extending generally radially of the body member l2, although they do not assume a true radial position. The inner edges 26 of each member 20 are disposed tangentially to the body member 12, and the outer edges 28 are flexed and curved rearwardly with respect to the direction of rotation of the device in the cylinder which is indicated by the arrow 62. The inner edges 26 of the members 20 are held rigidly against the respective flat faces ll of the body member by the securing screws 36, aided by the clips 32 and tension plates 31, and the outer edges 28 are adapted to flex and be curved inwardly toward the body member l2 to accommodate various sizes of cylinders.

The glaze breaker of the present invention adapts itself to various sizes of engine cylinders, and the degree of pressure exerted against the walls of the cylinders can be controlled so that the pressure exerted is substantially equal for all sizes of cylinders. For a small cylinder, the tension plates 31 are adjusted inwardly with respect to the free ends of the abrasive members l8, that is, the slots 52 are slid on the screws 36 until the screws 36 are disposed at or approach the inner closed ends of the slots 52. In this position of the plates 31, substantially the whole length of the abrasive members l8 beyond the flat faces Hi can be flexed.

For larger cylinders, the tension plates 31 are adjusted in the opposite direction, or in the direction outwardly toward the free edges of the abrasive members [8. When adjusted to the latter position, the plates 31 provide rigid support to an extent farther outwardly toward the free edges of the abrasive members l8, and those portions of the abrasive members beyond the tension plates 31 are shorter than in the previous position of adjustment and, accordingly, the biasing pressure of the abrasive members [8 is exerted farther out toward the free edges thereof. In this manner, the pressures exerted on the walls of different sizes of cylinder are substantially equal.

It will be noted that centrifugal force need not be relied upon for bringing the abrasive member into abrasive engagement with the cylinder wall.

The cooperating indicia notches 53 and 55 assure that both ends of each plate 31, as well as all of the tension plates with respect to each other, are adjusted to similar positions so that the biasing pressure supplied to the abrasive members is equal in all cases.

The oil absorbent quality of the central layers of fabric 24 of the elements 20 enables lubricant to be retained therein forproviding lubricant for the walls of the cylinder, increasing the fineness to which the surface of the walls are abraded. This oil absorbent characteristic also reduces the possibility that fine particles of metal removed from the cylinder walls fly free and collect on bearings and other critical parts of the engine. The whole device may be dipped in oil for impregnating the layers 24 of the elements 20.

It occurs at times that cylinder walls are not entirely true, but have irregularities or depressions. In the case of rigid honing or abrading elements, these depressions are not affected, but in the present case, due to the flexibility and yieldability of the abrasive members 18 carrying the abrasive elements, all such depressions are abraded.

The yieldability of the elements 2|] may be considerable to accommodate inaccuracies in the surface of the cylinder wall, and yet the elements 26 are strong enough to retain their shape in the absence of pressure and to exert considerable pressure outwardly in engaging the cylinder walls.

The abrasive elements 40 in the case of any tool similar to the present, wear out on occasion and it is necessary to replace them. In the present instance, such elements can be replaced readily. The securing screws 36 may be loosened slightly and the abrasive elements 40 slid off of the elements 2!] longitudinally of the device, and others replaced quickly.

When it is desired to replace the abrasive strip 64 (Figures 8 and 9), the prings 68 are unhooked from the lugs 10, the abrasive strip is slid off axially, and a new one put on.

While I have herein shown and described certain embodiment of my invention, manifestly they are susceptible of modification and rearrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. I do not, therefore, wish to be understood as limiting my invention to the precise forms herein disclosed, except as-I may be so limited by the appended claim.

I claim:

In a device of the class described, the combination comprising, a body member, a plurality of arms extending generally radially outwardly from said body member, a strip of flexible abrasive material substantially covering each of said arms and having edges terminating adjacent said body member on opposite sides of the respective arms, and retaining means on opposite sides of each arm for securing said abrasive strips on said arms, said retaining means comprising, outturned hook means on the adjacent edges of the respective abrasive strips and plate-like clip means having inturned hook means secured to said body member, said inturned hook means being engageable with said outturned hook means.

JOHN R. ARTHUR.

(References on following page) REFERENCES AGITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

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